Which ceramic ware is sturdier and waterproof without glaze?

• A. Stoneware
• B. Terra Cotta
• C. Earthenware
• D. Porcelain

Answer: (A)

When a ceramic body reaches a high firing temperature, its particles fuse into a dense, glassy matrix called vitrification. This makes the piece water-impermeable even without glaze and gives it greater toughness. Stoneware is fired to temperatures that produce this vitrified, sturdy body, so it stays waterproof and durable without a glaze. In contrast, terra cotta and earthenware are fired at lower temperatures and remain porous unless glazed, and porcelain, while also dense and waterproof when properly fired, tends to be more brittle. So the best choice for something sturdy and naturally waterproof without glaze is stoneware.